Gravitational lensing is the process of light changing its path due to the curve in the fabric of spacetime. Gravitational lensing was predicted by Albert Einstein and proven to exist in 1979. Quasars are an ideal source of light for testing gravitational lensing. This was first discovered by Liebes and Sjur Refsdal. Heavy gravitational lensing can cause gravitational redshift. This is a phenomenon that occurs due to the curve in the fabric of space time which is larger than usual due to the extremely heavy mass of a celestial objects causing time dilation. Time dilation is the process of time slowing down for an object depending on the speed it is travelling at, this process occurs all the time.

Time dilation causes light to change its frequency to a lower form, causing light to go from a higher frequency to lower frequency is called redshift. The space time fabric was discovered by Einstein and curves to matter like a bowling ball on a trampoline. Gravitational lensing says that light will turn to this curve thus being affected by gravity depending on the mass. Time dilation occurs due to gravity increasing as you go deeper into a gravitational well thus increasing your velocity. The faster you travel in space, the slower you travel in time, so when you travel extremely fast in a gravitational well, you travel extremely slow in time, so the larger the gravitational field, and the deeper you go into it, will slow time proportional to that. Since we now know that time dilation occurs in the process, we can now explain why redshift occurs. Redshift in this process occurs due to time dilation. This redshift during gravitational lensing is gravitational redshift.

Antimatter is being viewed as a tremendous future energy source. We have only produced nano-grams of it. When we find a way to create lot of it in a short period, it could be used to power spacecrafts establish bases in deep space and gain a source of near infinite energy. Even a single gram of antimatter could produce 4 trillion joules of energy!
The source of this energy is the collision between matter and antimatter particles which results in a lot of released energy. Antimatter is the same as matter but in an antimatter atom a positively charged particle circles a negatively charged particle. Which is opposite to the structure of normal matter. Antimatter counterpart and the normal matter form weigh the same, they just have opposite charges and when brought near the other annihilate each other. For example the antimatter counterpart for an electron is a positron. The collision of the two particles results in a high amount of energy released.

The Alcubierre Drive :Einstein established through his theory of general relativity the existence and curving of the fabric of space-time. The space time fabric is like a trampoline and curves by a heavy object and attracts an object of less mass that enters its curve in the trampoline. Through Einstein’s theory of special relativity, nothing can travel faster than light. This is not entirely accurate. Space itself can travel faster than light. The theory Alcubierre established stated that we can create a negative energy field around a spacecraft which will make space time curve upwards behind the spacecraft and downwards in front of the space craft. Thus making space itself push the spacecraft faster than light.

The ER=EPR theory was first thought of by Leonard Susskind and Juan Maldacena in the year hole

ER: Einstein-Rosen

EPR: Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen 

A wormhole is also known as the Einstein-Rosen bridge (which is ER). Quantum entanglement was found by Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (which is EPR). Thus, the ER=EPR conjecture states a connection between the two phenomena. It also provides a method to merge quantum mechanics and general relativity finally solving the problem of quantum gravity. 

Quantum Entanglement: Two particles are interconnected and share information at 3×1012 m/s. And these particles have opposite spins. If one of the two particles is observed to have spin “up” then the other particle will always have spin “down”. 

Wormhole: Wormholes connect two points in space time. An analogy for this is: take a piece of paper draw two points on completely on opposite sides of the paper. The connect those two points by folding the paper and connecting the two sides. That is a how a wormhole works. The ER=EPR conjecture states that both phenomena are caused by the other.

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Good company in a journey makes the way seem shorter. — Izaak Walton